Hazrat Faatemah’s (s.a.) standing in light of traditions
There are innumerable traditions highlighting the eminent position of Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.). These traditions are reliable and documented by scholars of both schools – Sunnis and Shiah. In fact, entire books have been devoted to her status in Islam. Before proceeding with the discussion on the oppressions faced by Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.), it is worth noting some traditions that underline her stature in religion. These traditions have also been recorded by respected scholars of the Sunnis.
Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.) is the Chief of the Women of Paradise
The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) informed:
فاطمۃ سیدۃ نساء اھل الجنۃ
‘Faatemah is the chief of the women of Paradise.’
This tradition has been recorded varyingly –
The Prophet (s.a.w.a.) informed:
فاطمۃ سیدۃ نساء ھذہ الامۃ
‘Faatemah is the chief of the women of this nation.’
فاطمۃ سیدۃ نساء المومنین
‘Faatemah is the chief of all the believing women.’
فاطمہ سیدۃ نساء العالمین
‘Faatemah is the chief of all the women of the world.’
This tradition with variations has been recorded by Saheeh-e-Bukhari, Musnad-e-Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, Al-Khasaais of Nesaai, Musnad of Abu Dawood al-Tayaalesi, Saheeh-e-Muslim (Chapter of Virtues of Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.)), Mustadrak of Haakim, Sunan-e-Tirmidhi, Sunan-e-Ibne Maajah and other reliable books of the Sunnis.[1]
Based on the narration of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.), who only speaks on the authority of revelation, Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.) is the chief of all women from the beginning of the world till the end.
Hazrat Faatemah (s.a.) is a part of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.)
Reputed scholars of both the sects have recorded the following:
فاطمۃ بضعۃ منی مَن اغضبھا أغضبنی
‘Faatemah is a part of me, one who displeases her has displeased me.’
This tradition has been documented with the very words in Saheeh-e-Bukhari and other books of the Sunnis.[2]
Other traditions with similar purport have also been recorded, for example:
فاطمۃ بضعۃ منی یریبنی ماأرابھا و یؤذینی ما آذاھا
‘Faatemah is a part of me, that which grieves her grieves me and whatever troubles her, troubles me.’
This tradition has been documented in Saheeh-e-Bukhari, Musnad-e-Ahmad, Sunan-e-Ibne Dawood, Saheeh-e-Muslim and other reference books of the Sunnis.[3]
This tradition has been documented in Saheeh-e-Muslim in this manner – Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) said:
Surely, Faatemah is a part of me, it pains me what pains her.[4]
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal records in his Musnad that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) informed:
انّما فاطمۃ بضعۃ منّی یؤ ذینی ماآذاھا،
‘Surely Faatemah is a part of me, that pains me what pains her, that troubles me what troubles her.’[5]
This tradition has also been recorded by Tirmidhi in his Sunan.[6]
After recording this tradition, Haakim informs:
This tradition is correct (Saheeh) according to the criteria used by Bukhari and Muslim.[7]
In another place in his Musnad, Ahmad records the following tradition of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.):
انّما فاطمۃ بضعۃ منّی یو ذینی مااذاھا و ینصبنی ما انصبھا
‘Faatemah is a part of me it grieves me what grieves her and it pleases me what pleases her.’[8]
This tradition is also narrated in Mustadrak and other reference books of the Sunnis. With regards to this tradition, Haakim says that the chain of narrators is correct.[9]
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In Faatemah’s pleasure and displeasure is Allah’s pleasure and displeasure
In one notable tradition, the Prophet (s.a.w.a.) informs about his daughter:
ان اللّٰہ یغضب لغضب فاطمۃ و یرضی لرضاھا
‘Surely Allah is angry with what makes Faatemah angry, and is pleased with what pleases her.’
This tradition is narrated in Mustadrak, Isaabah and Tahzeeb al-Tahzeeb. Muttaqi Hind, author of Kanz al-Ummaal has recorded it from Abu Ya’laa, Tabari and Abu Noaim. In addition to these sources, this tradition can be traced in other reference books of the Sunnis.[10]
