JANABE ZAHRA (SA) DEFENDED THE IMAMAT AND WILAYAT OF HAZRAT ALI (AS)

" ON THE OCCASION OF THE WILADAT OH AMEERUL MO'MENEEN HAZRAT ALI IBN ABI TALIB (AS) 13TH RAJAB 1432 AH. "

Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) said, “Abul Hasan (a.s.) has done what was necessary for him to do; and for what the people have done, Allah will take their account for it.”

Janabe’ Salman reports that during the night, Hazrat Ali (a.s.), accompanied by Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) and his sons, Imam Hasan (a.s.) and Imam Hussain (a.s.) visited the houses of the companions of the Holy Prophet. He asked them by the right of Allah (s.w.t.) to help and support him. But besides us four, nobody even gave him a reply. We shaved our heads and prepared ourselves for his help. When Hazrat Ali (a.s.) saw that people were not ready to support him and that instead, all of them were in support of Abu Bakr, he confined himself to his house.[1]

Ibne Qutayba narrates the incident as follows – Hazrat Ali (a.s.) along with the daughter of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.), Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) visited the house of the Ansar in the night and sought their support. The people said, O the daughter of the Prophet (s.a.w.), we have already sworn allegiance to this man. If you and your husband had come earlier, we would never have refused you. At this Hazrat Ali (a.s.) replied, “Should I have left the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) without ghusl and burial, and come out to seek power?” Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) said, “Abul Hasan (a.s.) has done what was necessary for him to do; and for what the people have done, Allah will take their account for it.”[2]

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[1] Sulaym Ibne’ Qays, page 81/83; Behaarul Anwaar, volume 28 page 264/268

[2] Al Imamah was Siyasah, volume 1 page 19

 

THE LAST ARROW - THE WILL OF JANABE ZAHRA (SA)

The entire period of the short life of Lady Fatimah (PBUH) after the demise of her father (PBUH&HP) was spent in confronting the ruling government and opposing their hostile actions. During this period, Lady Fatimah (PBUH) used every means she had for this purpose. Whenever possible, she expressed her objection, and if the condition was suitable she delivered sermons; one day she publicly declared her opposition, and the other day she refused to meet with the rulers; eventually, her will was not to allow the rulers to participate in her funeral or pray on her body. Finally, by ordering to be buried secretly (and hiding her grave), she engrave an eternal sign of illegitimacy on the government.

On one of the last days of the life of Lady Fatimah (PBUH), she sent Umm Ayman after Amir al-Mu’minin (PBUH). When Amir al-Mu’minin (PBUH) got to the bed of Lady Fatimah (PBUH), she said to him, ”O my cousin! I have been informed that my death is near, and I may join my father any moment. So I want to express whatever is in my heart, and tell you my will”.

Narrations from Imam Baqir (as) or Imam Sadiq (as) regarding Hazrat Fatema (sa) - II

Then `Omer set out with a torch in his hand and wanted to burn Ali (A.S.), Fatima (A.S.), al-Hasan (A.S.) and al-Husain (A.S.).

Allama al-`Ayyashi, may Allah have mercy on him, has cited one of these Imams (A.S.) narrating a lengthy tradition at the end of which he (A.S.) said,

Abu Bakr sent him a message to go there to swear the oath of allegiance to him. Ali (A.S.) said, “I shall not come out till I finish compiling the Qur’an.” He sent for him again. He said, “I shall not come out till I am through.” Abu Bakr sent for him a third time a cousin of his called Qunfuz Fatima (A.S.) daughter of the Messenger of Allah (A.S.) went out to act as a barrier between the men and Ali (A.S.). Qunfath hit her, returning without Ali (A.S.). It was feared that he would amass a group of opponents. Abu Bakr ordered firewood to be brought and placed around Ali’s house. Then `Umar set out with a torch in his hand and wanted to burn Ali (A.S.), Fatima (A.S.), al-Hasan (A.S.) and al-Husain (A.S.). When Ali (A.S.) saw all of that, he was forced to come out to swear fealty against his wish.[1]

Visits to the house of Janbe Zahra (sa) - Part 3

"Ameerul Mo’meneen has summoned you.”

 Abu Bakr then called for Qunfuz and said, “Go to Ali (a.s.) and tell him that the Ameerul Mo’meneen has summoned you.”

Qunfuz narrated this to Ali (a.s.) who remarked, By Allah (s.w.t.), he has lied. Go to Abu Bakr and tell him that he is associating himself with a title that does not belong to him. He is well aware that the Ameerul Mo’meneen is a person other than himself.”

Visits to the house of Janbe Zahra (sa) - Part 2

“The caliph of the Muslims is calling you.”

 

Another report narrates the incident as follows – Qunfuz said to Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) that I have been sent by Abu Bakr ibne Qahaf, the caliph of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.). You inform Ali (a.s.) that the leader of the Muslims has summoned him. At this Ali (a.s.) replied, “When you addressed the Ansar in Saqifah Bani Sa’adah, at that time, you were not even staking your claim to the title. Instead you were inviting your friends Umar and Abu Obaydah for it. And today, you yourself are claiming ownership to it.” Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) informed Qunfuz about this reply. He returned to Abu Bakr and was sent back by Umar to Hazrat Ali (a.s.) with the message, “The caliph of the Muslims is calling you.”

Qunfuz went again to Hazrat Ali (a.s.) and repeated the message, at which, Ali (a.s.) remarked, “The one who is made caliph is inferior to the one who appoints the caliph. The one who is made caliph cannot rule over the one who appoints the caliph. Neither will his orders be heard, nor will he be obeyed.[1]”

Visits to the house of Janbe Zahra (sa) - Part 1

"The caliph of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) has summoned you."

Umar came to Abu Bakr and said, “Will you not seek the oath of allegiance from those who have refused to do so?[1] All the people have done your bay’at, save one person and his family. And these are just a few individuals.[2]”

As per the narration of Janabe’ Salman, Umar said, “Send a person to Hazrat Ali (a.s.) for his bay’at. We will not enjoy any position if he (a.s.) does not pay allegiance to you even though everyone else may do so.[3]”

As per another tradition, “O chief! You have nothing for yourself till the time Ali (a.s.) does not swear allegiance to you. Send a person to Hazrat Ali (a.s.) so that he may seek his bay’at in your favor.” Consequently Abu Bakr dispatched Qunfuz saying to him, “You go to Ali (a.s.) and say to him that the caliph of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) has summoned you.

The Opressions begin

The supporters of Abu Bakr had reached a sizeable number. Abu Bakr and Umar maintained their pressure on people to swear their allegiance. At that time, ‘Umme’ Mustah Ibne Asasi’ recited these verses at the grave of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.):

“We have been deprived of your grace in the same manner as the earth is deprived of rain. Your ummat has silently betrayed you. You come and give witness to all that is happening.”

It is said that Zubayr and Miqdad would regularly present themselves before Hazrat Ali (a.s.), would consult him and then go back to the people. At that Umar came to the house of Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) and spoke with her, “If these people continue to visit you, I will order your house to be burnt down.”[1] In another narration, it is reported that Umar said, “I will destroy this house.”[2]

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[1] Al Musannif Ibne Abi Shayba, volume 14 page 267

[2] Al Jawab al Hasim (compiled by Qazi Asad Abedi), volume 20 / volume 2 page 299

Hazrat Ali (a.s.) gathered the Holy Quran

After the demise of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.), as per his instructions, Hazrat Ali (a.s.) busied himself in collecting the Quran. From the third day itself[1] – i.e., Wednesday, he (a.s.) began this activity.

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[1] As is mentioned in the narrations of Farikheen, the Holy Prophet (s.a.w) was buried on the night of Wednesday. Therefore there is not doubt that the work of collection of the Holy Quran began on Wednesday. This was when it began, but it is not clear how many days it took to complete this task. Then the narration of Furaate’ Kufi from Imam Mohammed Baqer (as), which has been recorded by Ibne’ Nadeem in his book Fehrist makes it clear that Ameerul Mo’meneen (as) took 3 days to compile the Quran. Please refer Tafseer’e Furaate’ Kufi, page 398/399; Behaarul Anwaar, volume 23 page 249; Al Fehrist, page 30. However in some traditions from Imam Mohammed Baqer (as), which he narrates from his forefathers (as), that after the seventh day of the martyrdom of the Holy Prophet (saw), Hazrat Ali (as) delivered a sermon  - Khubae’ Wasilah. In some copies it is nine days, this sermon was delivered after Hazrat Ali (as)  completed the compilation of the Quran. Al Kaafi, volume 8 page 17; At Tawheed, page 73; Amali Sudooq, page 320; Amali Shaykh Tusi, volume 1 page 263; Behaarul Anwaar, volume 4 page 122 and volume 77 page 382.

Hazrat Ali (a.s.) refused to pay allegiance to Abu Bakr - Part 1

All the members of Bani Hashim who were present there were rounded up and taken to Abu Bakr. They were told, pay your allegiance to Abu Bakr as others have done. And by Allah, if you don’t, we will use our swords against you. In such a helpless situation, Bani Hashim offered their allegiance to Abu Bakr.[1]

However, Hazrat Ali (a.s.) refused to pay allegiance to Abu Bakr and countered, “I am more worthy of this position than you. You all should swear allegiance to me. You have sought allegiance from the Ansar on the basis of your proximity to the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) and now you wish to snatch this right from us, Ahle’ Bayt (a.s.)? Did you not offer this argument that on account of your closeness to the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) you are more eligible for the caliphate than them? Surely it is on this account that they handed over this position to you.

what was the conduct of the ummat towards Ahle’ Bayt (a.s.)?

When Hazrat Ali (a.s.) completed the burial of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.), he busied himself in those works, which the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) had entrusted him with. He remained within the confines of his house.[1] Few members of Bani Hashim, some Ansar[2] and some Mohajirs presented themselves before him. Amongst these were Abbas[3], Zubayr[4], Miqdad[5], Talha[6], Sa’ad ibn Abi Waqqas[7] and No’man.

These people were displeased with the bay’at (allegiance) to Abu Bakr and wished to free themselves from it.[8] They desired to express their disapproval of the same[9] and wanted to pledge their support to Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s.).[10]

OPPRESSIONS UPON JANABE ZAHRA (S.A.)

Introduction

The Holy Quran has ordained love and affection for Ahle’ Bayt (a.s.) as the reward for the efforts and difficulties undertaken by the Holy Prophet of Islam (s.a.w.) for delivering the message of Islam.

On innumerable occasions, the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) emphasized that Muslims treat the  Ahle’ Bayt (a.s.) with respect and courtesy. Not only did he (s.a.w.) hold them in high esteem and recommend their love to us, but he (s.a.w.) also prohibited us from causing them injury or harm in any manner.

The Holy Quran, through Ayate’ Tatheer gave witness to their complete and absolute purity. It is famous that every day after the revelation of this verse, the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) stopped by the house of Janabe’ Zahra (s.a.) and, after conveying salaam, recited Ayate’ Tatheer.